Human Papilloma Virus Epidemiology and Subtyping in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Anatomical Site in Central Greece-Global Journal of Otolaryngology-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Global Journal of Otolaryngology

Human Papilloma Virus Epidemiology and Subtyping in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Anatomical Site in Central Greece

Authored by Charalampos Skoulakis*

To assess Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) prevalence and subtypes distribution in a population of Head and Neck Squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients in Central Greece. Paraffin-embedded biopsy samples from 90 patients with confirmed HNSCC, were retrospectively analysed for the presence of various HPV sub-types via real time PCR. In addition, a total of 206 controls, who visited the ENT Department the same period, were also tested for the presence of HPV sub-types in their pharyngeal cavity, by the same molecular assay. According to the anatomical site, HNSCC originated from four different sites: oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx. The presence of HPV was detected in 42.2% of samples (38/90), while the most prevalent subtype was HPV-16 (89.5%; 34/38), followed by HPV-18 (%), HPV-31 and HPV-33(%). Amongst the HPV(+) HNSCC samples, most originated from the oral cavity (45%, 17/38) and the oropharynx (32%, 12/38). On the other hand, among the non-HNSCC controls, 9.7% (20/206) were HPV positive, while the most prevalent sub-types were HPV-31, HPV-56, HPV-45 and HPV-41 (Table 1); moreover, six samples were positive for more one subtypes. Statistical analysis revealed that HPV (+) patients were 7 times more likely to have HNSCC [OR 6.8, 95%CI 3.65–12.67, p<0.0005], and HPV-16 (+) patients were 124 times more likely to have HNSCC [OR 124.5, 95%CI 16.67–929.3, p<0.0005].High prevalence of HPV was detected in HNSCC patients in Central Greece, where HPV-16 predominate. Our results demonstrate the necessity of the 9-valent HPV vaccination.

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Modelling the Marine Microplastic Distribution from Municipal Wastewater in Saronikos Gulf (E. Mediterranean)-Oceanography & Fisheries Open Access Journal-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Oceanography & Fisheries Open Access Journal

Modelling the Marine Microplastic Distribution from Municipal Wastewater in Saronikos Gulf (E. Mediterranean)

Authored by Triantafyllou George *

A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is coupled with a Lagrangian-Individual Based Model to simulate the floating microplastics (<300μm) dispersal and transport in the Saronikos Gulf. Considering municipal wastewaters as their main source, simulations were carried out over 2011–2012. A comparison with hydrodynamic observational data has shown that the model qualitatively reproduces the main circulation structure and hydrodynamic features. To explore the fate and distribution of microplastics, model results were analyzed taking into account the seasonal variability of near-surface circulation. Simulation results gave a qualitative description of affected areas from microplastics pollution, suggesting that the most affected part of Saronikos Gulf is the coastal area that extends from Psitallia Waste water treatment plant to the east. Despite some limitations, this is a first model attempt to explore the dispersal and distribution of microplastics in the Saronikos Gulf.

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Modifying Zebu Milk with Focus on Human Health: Opportunities and Challenges-Journal of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences-JuniperPublishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Journal of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences

Modifying Zebu Milk with Focus on Human Health: Opportunities and Challenges

Authored by Sabrina Manfredi*

Dairy products have been an important source of energy and nutrients in the human diet for centuries. In addition to their well-established basic nutritional roles (e.g. rich source of calcium for bone building and high-quality protein for muscle growth), more recent studies have also reported health-promoting effects of certain fatty acids, proteins and peptides found in milk. The promising results observed in most studies led to several investigations focused on strategies to increase the milk contents of such bioactive compounds. Although much less is known about the milk composition and the potential of farm-level strategies for improving the nutritional quality and functional aspects of milk fat and milk protein in Zebu breeds when compared to taurine breeds under temperate conditions, some progress has been made as described herein. However, further studies in this field are warranted since milk production in many tropical regions around the globe is largely derived from Zebu breeds and their crosses.

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Mammography Appearance of Filariasis - A Case Study-Juniper Online Journal of Case Studies-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Juniper Online Journal of Case Studies

Mammography Appearance of Filariasis - A Case Study

Authored by Biren A Shah*

Filariasis of the breast, most commonly caused by a roundworm in the Filarioidea family, Wuchereria bancrofti, can have pathognomonic findings of breast calcifications on mammography that may be confused with other calcifications associated with malignancy. The purpose of this report is to describe a classic presentation of breast filariasis on mammography and distinguish it from other malignant calcifications of the breast. Lymphatic filariasis is typically a benign infection caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, native to tropical countries like Nigeria, India and Indonesia. This parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes and black flies that carry larvae from one human host to the next. The larvae enter the bloodstream, infiltrate and obstruct the lymphatic vessels, and cause potential vascular extravasation of the parasite into mammary tissue and later become calcified. Patients may present with palpable, tender, mobile, firm, and benign lumps on the breast and “serpiginous calcifications” on mammography. Though the presentation of this infection in the breast is uncommon, it is increasing in developed countries as people immigrate from areas where filariasis is endemic. Active filariasis is conventionally diagnosed by peripheral blood smear and, sometimes by fine needle aspiration, these calcifications can indicate the presence of a past or current infection.

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Total Quality Management Practices from Unit Nurse Managers’ Perspectivese-JuniperPublishers-JOJ Nursing & Health Care

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-JOJ Nursing & Health Care

Total Quality Management Practices from Unit Nurse Managers’ Perspectivese

Authored by Soha Mamdouh Elkholy*

Unit nursing managers act as a quality model by personally exhibiting desired characteristics and spending time walking around, listening to staff members, learn to be more like a coach, provide autonomy and allow risk taking while being fair and compassionate, engage in the delicate balancing act of ensuring quality to external customers while at the same time paying attention to the needs of internal customers. Assess TQM practices from unit nurse managers’ perspectives at Menoufia University hospital. Assess TQM practices from unit nurse managers’ perspectives at Menoufia University hospital. Over half of unit nurse managers perceived TQM practice were at poor level, while below quarter at average level, and more than quarter at good level. Around half of unit nurse managers their perspectives were at poor level for five TQM criteria. Organizational value TQM criteria showed that the highest (44.4%) poor level was for emergency hospital unit nurse manager. While patient delight TQM criteria showed poor level from unit nurse manager perspective (35%, 50%, and 55.6%) for Main University hospital, Oncology institute, Specialty hospital, and Emergency hospital respectively. Process excellence TQM criteria showed that the highest (55.6%) poor level from unit nurse manager perspective was at Emergency hospital. Organizational learning criteria showed poor level (43.8%, 50%, 50% and 66.7%) for Specialty hospital, Main University hospital, Oncology institute, and Emergency hospital respectively. Also scorecard excellence criteria showed poor level (31.3%, 35%, 66.7% and 66.7%) for Specialty hospital, Main University hospital, Emergency hospital, and Oncology institute respectively. Unit nurse managers’ perception of TQM practices criteria was poor. As a nurse manager develop, publish and advertise to staff nurses’ TQM framework which include value, objective, and quality guidelines. Be role model of TQM culture among staff nurses. Develop clear and effective strategies and supporting plans for achieving TQM objectives.

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Reliability and Validity of the Ukrainian Version of Second Version of the Emotional Schema Questionnaire (Less ii)-Psychology and Behavioral Science International Journal-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Psychology and Behavioral Science International Journal

Reliability and Validity of the Ukrainian Version of Second Version of the Emotional Schema Questionnaire (Less II)

Authored by Soorena Sardarzadeh*

This study aims to investigate the reliability and validity of the Ukrainian version of second version of the Emotional Schema Questionnaire (LessII; Leahy, 2000) and provide expected scores for nonclinical samples.  Emotional schema concept is developed for determining beliefs and attributions about emotions. The aim of this study was to examine validity and reliability of the Ukrainian version of “Leahy Emotional Schema Scale” (LESS). The sample consisted of 1230 people as statistical sample, 62 percent were male, and 38 percent were female. Respondent’s’ average age was 14-55 years old. Most of them including 39 percent had bachelor degree. The results of the study showed that due to the Cronbach’s alpha that is higher than 0.7, the reliability of all variables is desirable. Confirmatory factor analyses support the schema domains. We conclude that the Less II is a psychometrically sound instrument that can be used Ukraine in research on early maladaptive schemas. Further research is necessary particularly in larger clinical samples.

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Amyloidosis in ENT: Review of the Literature and a Unique Rhinology Case-Global Journal of Otolaryngology-JuniperPublishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Global Journal of Otolaryngology

Amyloidosis in ENT: Review of the Literature and a Unique Rhinology Case

Authored by Salil Sood*

Amyloidosis is a diagnosis not commonly encountered by ENT clinicians. It is reported that 19% of cases involve the head and neck with the oropharynx and larynx being the most commonly affected areas. A high index of clinical suspicion is required to make the diagnosis. Here, we report an unusual case presenting in the nasopharynx. This case was particularly rare in that it clinically mimicked idiopathic midline destructive disease (IMDD). We have placed particular emphasis on the differential diagnoses which must be excluded and the radiological and histopathological features which must be elicited.

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Male Breast Cancer: Prognosis and Survivorship-Cancer Therapy & Oncology International Journal-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Cancer Therapy & Oncology International Journal

Male Breast Cancer: Prognosis and Survivorship

Authored by Ali Jad Abdelwahab Yousef*

The purpose of this review was to explore the prognosis and prognostic factors for male breast cancer in depth and to discuss the survivorship issues which are seldom discussed in literature. Search in Medline and Google Scholar for male breast cancer epidemiology, prognosis, and survivorship resulted in tremendous number of articles discussing the epidemiology of male breast cancer, but limited number of articles discussed survivorship issues within the context of other subjects. The prognosis of male breast cancer is dependent on the lymph nodes status and disease stage. Survivorship issues are as important as treatment of the cancer itself. The risk of the male contra lateral breast cancer is much higher than in the female breast cancer, so the patients should be aware of the necessity of close follow up. The long term effects of treatment are variable, but most of them are potentially curable.

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Periodontally Compromised Teeth: to Retain or Replace with Implant-Juniper Online Journal of Case Studies-JuniperPublishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Juniper Online Journal of Case Studies

Periodontally Compromised Teeth: to Retain or Replace with Implant

Authored by Madhuri Alankar Sawai*

Periodontal disease is the most common form of oral destructive disease which eventually leads to the loss of tooth. It affects about 40-50% of the population worldwide. Its prevalence increases with increasing age. Hence, as the life span of an individual increases; there will be increased prevalence of periodontally compromised teeth. In the beginning of the 20th century, extracted teeth were replaced with dentures. But in the recent past they are increasing being replaced by implants. Although, osseointegrated implants were first introduced for the management of completely edentulous arches, they are now being frequently used to restore partially edentulous jaws. In the recent years, there has been an increased surge for extraction of periodontally compromised teeth and replacement with implants. Many of these natural teeth could be treated and salvaged for the next couple of years, if proper treatment is instituted. Hence, to extract a periodontally compromised tooth and its subsequent replacement with implant, as opposed to its retention by means of comprehensive periodontal therapy is one of the most debatable and complex decision to make in daily clinical practice.

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Safety and Efficacy of Ospemifene in Women with A History of Breast Cancer-Journal of Gynecology and Women’s Health-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Journal of Gynecology and Women’s Health

Safety and Efficacy of Ospemifene in Women with A History of Breast Cancer

Authored by Nico Bruyniks*

This post-hoc analysis compares the efficacy and safety data from women with or without a history of breast cancer who had been enrolled in the ospemifene clinical trial program. Efficacy was assessed by the co-primary endpoints of most bothersome symptom (MBS; pooled data from two studies) and mean baseline to Week 12 change in vaginal pH and maturation index (pooled data from three studies). Safety was assessed using pooled data from all three studies. Comparisons were made between ospemifene-treated women with a history of breast cancer (≥10 years prior to enrolment; n=11) versus those without (n=1091). There were no differences in ospemifene-related improvements in symptoms of vulvar and vaginal atrophy (percentage whose MBS severity improved by ≥1 point on the 4-point severity scale) and in physiological parameters (vaginal pH, parabasal cells, and superficial cells) in women with versus without a history of breast cancer. Treatment-emergent adverse events and adverse drug reactions were comparable in the women using ospemifene who had a previous history of breast cancer (64% and 36%, respectively) compared with those that who did not (69% and 47%, respectively). In this small post-hoc analysis, previous history of breast cancer did not appear to affect the efficacy or safety of ospemifene. Trial registration numbers NCT01585558, NCT01586364, NCT00729469 and NCT00566982.

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The Role of Legally Available “Ergogenic” Nutritional Supplements in Exercise Performance: A Biochemical and Physiological Approach-Anatomy Physiology & Biochemistry International Journal-JuniperPublishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Anatomy Physiology & Biochemistry International Journal

The Role of Legally Available “Ergogenic” Nutritional Supplements in Exercise Performance: A Biochemical and Physiological Approach

Authored by Ioannis Delimaris*

Numerous supplements are marketed today as “ergogenic”. However, the available literature is still lacking conclusive information, while there is a large heterogeneity in the reported scientific data. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of legally available (according to the World Anti-Doping Code) “ergogenic” nutritional supplements in exercise performance using a biochemical and physiological approach. The literature available in the online databases Medline, PubChem, Toxnet, and Google Scholar was used. The research methodology refers to the brief review of the available published scientific studies. The literature search was conducted using the following terms / keywords: “ergogenic supplements”, “ergogenic aids” and “exercise performance”. The most popular and commonly used legally available “ergogenic” supplements by athletes are sodium bicarbonate, beta-alanine, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyric acid (HMB), creatine, carnitine, caffeine, and the branched chain amino acids (BCAA). A proven ergogenic efficacy was found in: a) sodium bicarbonate in high-intensity exercise, b) creatine in exercise performance for sport events that require explosive, high-energy output activities, and c) caffeine in both prolonged endurance exercise and short-term intense exercise lasting approximately five minutes. The supplements have potential adverse effects so their use must be always prescribed by a sports physician in accordance with the needs and the medical history of the athlete. Moreover, further research is needed (including large scale follow-up studies) so as to draw definite conclusions about their long-term health safety.

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Mucosal Immunology of Human Head-Journal of Head Neck & Spine Surgery-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Journal of Head Neck & Spine Surgery

Mucosal Immunology of Human Head

Authored by Ibrahim M S Shnawa*

The theme for the immune system of human head is of tripartite nature. The common mucosal immune compartment, the mononuclear phagocyte cell system and the transudate cellular and humoral factors of the systemic immunity. These compartments were covering; natural, cross-road adaptive immune events outcomes. Among which, the common mucosal immune system, which can be mapped into; Cranial- Oral and nasal associate lymphoid tissue, conjunctiva and lachrymal associated lymphoid tissue ,Eustachian tube associate lymphoid tissue, nasopharyngeal associated lymphoid tissue as well as facial skin associated lymphoid tissue. In addition to the mononuclear phagocyte cell system and the natural immune barriers.

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Antifungal Resistance and its Evolution: An Increasing Concern-Advances in Biotechnology & Microbiology-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Advances in Biotechnology & Microbiology

Antifungal Resistance and its Evolution: An Increasing Concern

Authored by Claudia Ortiz*

This work describes different mechanism of drug resistance and some aspects of evolution of fungi in order to evade antifungal effects. Fungal infections are an issue of concern, and it is necessary to develop new strategies in order to mitigate mortality rates caused by these types of pathogens. However, fungi exhibit different resistance mechanisms, ranging from genetic mutations to metabolic adaptations to the action of several antifungal compounds available for clinical treatments. However, some antifungal resistance are no-evident and need to be studied in order to avoid rising of new resistant fungal strains. Moreover, it is well known that drug resistance is linked to fungal evolution. For this reason, it is important to understand adaptation mechanisms carried out by fungi to resist antibiotic action, such as aminoacid mutations or different metabolic responses of fungal species to several antifungal drugs, in order to, design both new antifungal compounds or strategies for treating fungal infections.

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A Review on Enhanced Productivity Approaches in VCM Suspension Polymerization- Juniper publishers- Open access Journals

Juniper publishers- Academic Journal of Polymer Science

Partial Nitrification to Nitrite using Activated Sludge Entrapped in Polymerized Gel: Continuous and Batch Operation in an Airlifting Reactor-Recent Advances in Petrochemical Science -Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Recent Advances in Petrochemical Science

Partial Nitrification to Nitrite using Activated Sludge Entrapped in Polymerized Gel: Continuous and Batch Operation in an Airlifting Reactor

Authored by Zhengjia Zhang*

Partial nitrification to nitrite using activated sludge entrapped in polymerized gel was investigated in an air-lifting reactor in both continuous and batch operations. High-rate partial nitrification to nitrite was achieved under non-limiting dissolved oxygen conditions during the start-up of the reactor. After the stable operation was established, HRT was optimized to achieve the effective ammonium conversion to nitrite and provide the effluent suitable potential for anaerobic ammonium oxidization (ANAMOX). The influences of process parameters, including dissolved oxygen concentrations, temperatures, and initial NH4+-N conditions, on partial nitrification kinetics were studied in batch operation. Data of the batch experiments indicate that it is feasible to achieve 95% ammonium removal with dominant nitrite accumulation under non-limiting DO conditions at the temperature of 24 °C or higher Reaction time affected the nitrite accumulation and the NH4+-N/NO2--N ratio in batch operation. These data demonstrate the potential of using immobilized activated sludge for partial nitrification in continuous and sequencing batch reactors and its applicability as the pretreatment for anaerobic ammonium oxidization process.

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Compatibilization Potential of Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants for Polymer Blends- Open access Journals- Juniper Publishers

Juniper publishers- Academic Journal of Polymer Science

Authored by Ahmad AdlieShamsuri

The development of the polymer composites industry has been very encouraging in the past years. The polymer blends have also been received considerable attention, this is due to the blends are easy to prepare, their production cost is low, and so on. At the present time, bioplastics such as polylactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate and polybutylene succinate are gaining consideration due to their excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility and non-toxicity. Blend between bioplastics and biopolymers (for example; cellulose, zein and starch) to produce bioplastic/biopolymer blends have attracted the researchers’ interest. Besides, the produced bioplastic/biopolymer blends may also be able to be used in fabrication of biocompatible and biodegradable products. Moreover, the utilization of expensive synthetic bioplastics can be reduced through consumption of biopolymers this can further lower the cost of products [1,2].

Nevertheless, the blend approach suffers from low physicochemical properties due to incompatibility in the blends system. The compatibility between the bioplastic and biopolymer is very low, thus results in reductions of their performance, particularly in the mechanical, thermal and rheological properties. The incompatibility is due to the bioplastic which wholly non-polar (hydrophobic) [3], while the biopolymer is naturally polar (hydrophilic) [4], and therefore the importance of compatibilization on the blends could not be ignored.

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