Mammography Appearance of Filariasis - A Case Study-Juniper Online Journal of Case Studies-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Juniper Online Journal of Case Studies

Mammography Appearance of Filariasis - A Case Study

Authored by Biren A Shah*

Filariasis of the breast, most commonly caused by a roundworm in the Filarioidea family, Wuchereria bancrofti, can have pathognomonic findings of breast calcifications on mammography that may be confused with other calcifications associated with malignancy. The purpose of this report is to describe a classic presentation of breast filariasis on mammography and distinguish it from other malignant calcifications of the breast. Lymphatic filariasis is typically a benign infection caused by Wuchereria bancrofti, native to tropical countries like Nigeria, India and Indonesia. This parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes and black flies that carry larvae from one human host to the next. The larvae enter the bloodstream, infiltrate and obstruct the lymphatic vessels, and cause potential vascular extravasation of the parasite into mammary tissue and later become calcified. Patients may present with palpable, tender, mobile, firm, and benign lumps on the breast and “serpiginous calcifications” on mammography. Though the presentation of this infection in the breast is uncommon, it is increasing in developed countries as people immigrate from areas where filariasis is endemic. Active filariasis is conventionally diagnosed by peripheral blood smear and, sometimes by fine needle aspiration, these calcifications can indicate the presence of a past or current infection.

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