Compatibilization Potential of Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants for Polymer Blends- Open access Journals- Juniper Publishers

Juniper publishers- Academic Journal of Polymer Science

Authored by Ahmad AdlieShamsuri

The development of the polymer composites industry has been very encouraging in the past years. The polymer blends have also been received considerable attention, this is due to the blends are easy to prepare, their production cost is low, and so on. At the present time, bioplastics such as polylactic acid, polyhydroxybutyrate and polybutylene succinate are gaining consideration due to their excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility and non-toxicity. Blend between bioplastics and biopolymers (for example; cellulose, zein and starch) to produce bioplastic/biopolymer blends have attracted the researchers’ interest. Besides, the produced bioplastic/biopolymer blends may also be able to be used in fabrication of biocompatible and biodegradable products. Moreover, the utilization of expensive synthetic bioplastics can be reduced through consumption of biopolymers this can further lower the cost of products [1,2].

Nevertheless, the blend approach suffers from low physicochemical properties due to incompatibility in the blends system. The compatibility between the bioplastic and biopolymer is very low, thus results in reductions of their performance, particularly in the mechanical, thermal and rheological properties. The incompatibility is due to the bioplastic which wholly non-polar (hydrophobic) [3], while the biopolymer is naturally polar (hydrophilic) [4], and therefore the importance of compatibilization on the blends could not be ignored.

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A Review on Plastic Behavior of Polymer Sheets and Forming Process- Open access journals- Juniper Publishers

Juniper publishers- Academic Journal of Polymer Science

Authored by Eun Ho Lee

A Review on Plastic Behavior of Polymer Sheets and Forming Process

This paper presents a mini review about plastic behaviour of polymer sheets. The fundamental of plasticity and concept of constitutive modeling are introduced. As an application of the plastic behaviour, studies on forming process of polymer sheets are presents. Finally, the future woks are also discussed in the conclusion section.

Polymer is one of widely used material due to the great availability and low cost. For mass production, moulding and extrusion technologies have been widely employed for polymer processing in industries [1]. Recently, automotive industries are trying to reduce the weight of the vehicles for improving the fuel efficiency [2]. For the reason, they have an interest in polymer materials, and many researchers have studied mechanical behavior of polymer materials. Figure 1(a) shows an example of 1-dimensional tensile test which is the most widely used material testingmethods to obtain the material’s behavior. When a material is getting deformed, the material has aproportional relation between stress and strain within a range of strain and this proportional relation iscalled elastic modulus. This strain rage is called elastic range and the stress is called yield stress. In theelastic range, the deformed material can recover the original shape, as shown in the path A. However, if thestrain level is over the elastic limit, a permanent deformation remains on the material even though thematerial slightly recovers the strain [3,4]. This recovered strain is called elastic strain, and the permanentdeformation is called plastic strain, as shown in path B of Figure 1(a). Figure 1(b) shows general behaviors ofpolymer materials. The elastic behavior is almost the same for all the materials. However, right after theelastic limit, rigid plastic easily leads to a material failure while other materials have more margin to bedeformed. For the reason, rigid plastic material does not show plastic behavior. This break point determinesthe elongation, the ration between the deformed length and the original length until the break point. Table 1 shows a summary of the mechanical property of polymer materials [5].

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Polymer Science, From Academic to All, Open access journal-juniper Publishers

Juniper publishers- Academic Journal of Polymer Science

Authored by Cheng Chen

For over a century, polymer science has experienced many important developments, and many achievements have been made on the basis of theoretical and empirical research. Polymers have unique properties such as high strength, toughness and elasticity due to their intermolecular behavior causing by the large molecular weight and long molecular chain, which are very different from those of small molecules. Polymer compounds are ubiquitous in nature, including the protein and cellulose that make up the organism, nucleic acids that carrying biological genetic information, and raw materials of clothes such as cotton, wool and silk. On the other hand, synthetic polymers play an important role in polymer science. Such kinds of polymers are produced from small molecules via poly-addition or poly-condensation method. Nowadays, polymers are indispensable in people’s life, and the researches aimed at solving scientific problems as well as particle applications needs to be strengthened, with emphasis on spreading academic reporting articles to the public.

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Energy Potential of Natural, Synthetic Polymers and Waste Materials - A Review, Open access Journals- Juniper Publishers

Juniper publishers- Academic Journal of Polymer Science

Authored by Michael Ioelovich

Energy Potential of Natural, Synthetic Polymers and Waste Materials

In this paper, the energy potential of natural (polysaccharides, lignin, etc.), and synthetic polymers (polyolefins, etc.), polymer materials (plant biomass, plastics and their solid waste), as well as combustible liquids and gases derived from them has been studied. To determine calorific values of solid, liquid and gaseous substances, various experimental and calculation methods were used. For this purpose, improved equations based on chemical structure and elemental analysis was proposed. It was shown that the conversion of solid materials into liquids or gases reduces the yield of thermal energy. Therefore for the production of thermal energy, it is more profitable to burn the solid biomass or plastic than combustible liquids and gases, derived from them. Studies have shown that lipids and lignin increase, whereas moisture and ash reduce the calorific value of biomass. The calorific value of most synthetic polymers and plastics is higher than that of biomass samples, but resources of waste plastics are about 10 times lower than these of biomass. The use of compacted mixture of biomass and plastic waste enables to obtain solid fuels with unique properties, such as increased calorific value and energy density, as well as reduced emission of carbon dioxide. Considering the total amount of biomass and plastics waste destined for combustion, it was calculated that current annual energy potential of the waste materials is about 145 EJ. The increase the share of biomass in the production of alternative energy can simultaneously contribute to reducing in greenhouse gas emission and improving the ecological state of the environment.

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Influence of the Magnetite Nanoparticles on Dielectric Properties of Nanocomposites on the Basis of Linear Polyethylene of Low Density, Open access Journals-Juniper Publishers

Juniper publishers- Academic Journal of Polymer Science

Authored by Novikov GF

Influence of the Magnetite Nanoparticles on Dielectric Properties of Nanocomposites on the Basis of Linear Polyethylene of Low Density.

The nanocomposite of magnetite/linear low-density polyethylene has been synthesized. Influence of magnetite nanoparticles in concentration 1-20wt% on dielectric properties and conductivity of nanocomposites in the range of frequencies 10-2-105Hz and temperatures from 113 to 383K have been studied. Inclusion of particles of magnetite in polyethylene slightly changed melting temperature. But at the same time an imaginary part of complex dielectric permittivity increased sharply (on two orders of size) and enthalpy of fusion decreased by 25J/g. Development of polymeric composition materials is one of the priority directions of development of modern technologies and the equipment. A unique combination of valuable properties of polymeric matriсes such as film formation, mechanical strength, chemo-and corrosion resistance, on the one hand, and functional properties of nanodimensional fillers, -with another hand, allows to consider such materials as perspective for use in aerospace technology, instrument making, microelectronics, medicine and other hi-tech fields of the industry [1].

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