Role of MiRNAs in Oral Cancer-Journal of Head Neck & Spine Surgery-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Journal of Head Neck & Spine Surgery

Role of MiRNAs in Oral Cancer

Authored by Bin Guo*

Oral cancer, one of the most common cancers worldwide, exhibits high mortality and morbidity rates. The incidence rate of oral cancer is high in developing countries, especially in Asian countries. MiRNAs are non-coding RNAs with significant regulatory functions, such as mRNA degradation or translation inhibition. Understanding of the tumorigenesis of oral cancer has significantly progressed at multiple levels. MiRNAs play an important role in oral tumors and have been associated with specific oral cancer phenotypes, such as tumorigenesis, progression, recurrence, or postoperative survival. MiRNAs exist stably in common body fluids and are thus ideal biomarkers for oral cancer. The miRNA profiles hallmark a potential diagnostic value for detection of oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders. In this review, we will summarize our current knowledge regarding the most active miRNAs involved in oral cancer, focusing our discussion on their role in tumor diagnosis, development, and progression.

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Modern Molecules to Keep Ancient Traditions: Ethical and Social Perspectives-Modern Applications of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Modern Applications of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability

Modern Molecules to Keep Ancient Traditions: Ethical and Social Perspectives

Authored by Ariel D Arencibia Rodríguez*

Bioeconomics and the development of modern nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetology industries is increasingly based on the search for active principles used ancestrally by different human cultures worldwide. In this context, the studies of identification and characterization of the so-called 'new molecules' are mainly carried out on organisms originating from both conserved and wild biodiversity, as well as from a wide spectrum of biological resources that the peasant populations have been able to maintain throughout centuries. Considering the lessons learnt in this field, the development of novel molecules related to useful functions should be focused on and stem from the experiences gained from previous approaches. Moreover, each new challenge must be subjected to ethical scrutiny where the human being plays the main role in the exploitation of biodiversity and the environment, which, as it is increasingly evident, threatens and jeopardizes the sustainable development of societies. We conclude the necessity to establish a global unified ethical perspective towards the use of biodiversity developed by ancient human traditions.

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Functional Selective D2 Ligands for the Treatment of Schizophrenia-Novel Approaches in Drug Designing & Development-JuniperPublishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Novel Approaches in Drug Designing & Development

Functional Selective D2 Ligands for the Treatment of Schizophrenia

Authored by Xin Chen*

Functionally selective ligands (also known as biased ligands) of dopamine D2 receptors have been considered as not only valuable tools for dissecting the roles of D2-mediated G protein-dependent and independent signaling pathways, but also better antipsychotic drug candidates for neurological and psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Consequently, functionally selective D2R ligands have also been increasingly pursued by the biomedical community as promising antipsychotic therapeutics with improved efficacy and reduced side effects compared with unbiased ligands. This review will discuss the recent development in the discovery of functional selective D2R ligands. Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand reality. Clinically, the disorder manifests with a large variety of symptoms that fall into three categories: positive, negative, and cognitive. Schizophrenia affects about 1.1% of world wide population. Although schizophrenia is not as common as other mental disorders such as anxiety disorder (18.1%), depression (6.9%), and bipolar disorder (2.6%), the symptoms can be very disabling. Therefore, it is often associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. The average life expectancy of people with schizophrenia is ten to twenty-five years less than for the general population. This is the result of increased physical health problems and a higher suicide rate (about 10%)

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A Green and Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZnO Nanorods for Photocatalytic Application-Juniper Online Journal Material Science-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Juniper Online Journal Material Science

A Green and Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZnO Nanorods for Photocatalytic Application

Authored by Sze-Mun Lam*

ZnO nanorods were prepared via a green and facile hydrothermal approach using ZnO powder and 30 vol% H₂O₂ aqueous solution. X-ray diffraction results revealed that the synthesized ZnO product was highly crystalline having hexagonal wurtzite structure. The band gap energy of ZnO nanorods was determined to be 3.28 eV using optical reflectance spectrum. The rod-like morphological features of ZnO nanostructures were observed from microscopy analyses. A possible formation mechanism was also proposed. The synthesized ZnO product showed an enhanced UV photocatalytic performance compared to that of commercial TiO₂ for the resorcinol degradation. There was an optimal photocatalyst amount of 1.0 g/L, at which the degradation efficiency of resorcinol was completely degraded under exposure of UV light for 120 min. The active hydroxyl (o OH) radicals formed during the photocatalytic process were tested using a photoluminescence-terephthalic acid (PL-TA) measurement, which were validate to be significantly affected by the photocatalyst amount. Other organic pollutants including phenol, bisphenol A and methylparaben could also be photodegraded in the presence of similar conditions. These features demonstrated the ZnO nanorods practical applications in environmental remediation.

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Vacuum Picking of Nonwoven Material-Current Trends in Fashion Technology & Textile Engineering-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Current Trends in Fashion Technology & Textile Engineering

Vacuum Picking of Nonwoven Material

Authored by Cubric G*

The complete automation of the garment manufacturing process is still present at certain times due to the nature of textile materials. Textile materials are flat, and this lack of stiffness affects the transfer of textile materials from one workstation to another in automated processes. With regard to the construction and the principle of operation, the grips are limited to certain types of materials and several processes they can perform. In the capture processes, the optimum handle has to be handled with different sizes and shapes of fabric, different properties and with one or more layers of material. Therefore, many researches are focused on designing handlebars for handling textile materials as well as the ability to capture them.

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Versatility of Nanoparticles in the Modern Medicine-Global Journal of Nanomedicine-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Global Journal of Nanomedicine

Versatility of Nanoparticles in the Modern Medicine

Authored by Joseph Francis PJ*

Nanotechnology has wide applications in medicine in the form of diagnostic imaging, treatment and prevention. Developments of nanorobots which are capable of tissue repair at cellular level are materialising. All these are achieved by the enhancement of gaseous and nutrient transport, promotion of tissue regeneration in which minimum cellular inflammation and less toxicity. Nanotechnology can uplift the medical imaging and biomarker detection by methods like extracellular deposition and cell adhesion. Biosensors, tissue engineering, targeted drug delivery and nanorobotics make the nanomedicine cutting edge. Nanoparticles enable the transport of drugs particularly to the infected sites very accurately and precisely. Biomarkers or tumor markers detection has become faster and more sensitive using nanotechnology enabling the doctors for an early diagnosis compare to tissue biopsies. This paper explores the potential and versatile applications of nanoparticles in the field of medicine.

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The Influence of Sarcopenia on Walking in Frail Elderly People-Open Access Journal of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Open Access Journal of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine

The Influence of Sarcopenia on Walking in Frail Elderly People

Authored by Kota Kato*

The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of sarcopenia on walking in frail elderly people. The subjects were 28 elderly people aged 65 years or over who could walk independently, attend community day-care centers. Assessment and measurement items were: history of falls during the past year, the presence or absence of sarcopenia, characteristics of walking, lower limb muscle strength, cognitive function, ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL), and general information. The subjects were divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of sarcopenia, and a comparison was made between the two groups. Five people (severe sarcopenia group) fulfilled all evaluation items of sarcopenia and seven people (control group) did not fulfill any evaluation items. The remaining 16 fulfilled some items but they were not included in this comparative study. The ankle joint maximum plantar flexion moment and walking velocity of the severe sarcopenia group showed significantly lower values than the control group. This study suggested that reduced lower limb muscle strength is not the only cause of the decrease in walking velocity in frail elderly people with sarcopenia.

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Intrauterine Insemination with Fresh Versus Cryopreserved Spermatazoa in Unexplained Infertility-Global Journal of Reproductive Medicine-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Global Journal of Reproductive Medicine

Intrauterine Insemination with Fresh Versus Cryopreserved Spermatazoa in Unexplained Infertility

Authored by Sheena Rippentrop*

The purpose of this study was to compare pregnancy rates and live birth rates in women with unexplained infertility undergoing ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination (IUI) using fresh versus cryopreserved semen at two institutions. Retrospective cohort study conducted at two tertiary care centers via chart review of all women with unexplained infertility who underwent IUI. Other etiologies of infertility were excluded. Pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates were calculated in both groups. Odds ratios and 95 % confidence interval were calculated. A P-value was considered significant when less than 0.05. A total of 566 IUI cycles were analyzed; 513cycles (90.64%) used fresh semen while 59 cycles (10.42%) used cryopreserved. Clinical pregnancy rates were 29.24% in IUI-fresh and 11.32% in IUI-cryopreserved (OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.36-7.73, p-value 0.0055). The live birth rate per cycle for IUI-fresh was 19.88% versus 3.77% in IUI-cryopreserved (OR 6.33, 95% CI 1.52-26.43, p-value 0.0044). Significantly higher pregnancy rates and live birth rates were observed when using fresh semen compared to cryopreserved semen in women with unexplained infertility undergoing ovulation induction and intrauterine inseminations.

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Prostate Volume, Size Does Matter. Growth Dynamics of the Acini and the Stroma using a “Prostatocrit” Model-JOJ Urology & Nephrology-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-JOJ Urology & Nephrology

Prostate Volume, Size Does Matter. Growth Dynamics of the Acini and the Stroma using a “Prostatocrit” Model

Authored by Simon Robinson*

Analysis of prostatic growth has focused on the whole gland volume. However there are distinct zones which grow at different rates which can be further divided into acini and stroma. Measuring the principal sub-zones of the gland and taking into account their intrinsic asymmetry of glandular acina density, one can develop the prostatocrit model, similar to the haematocrit. This generates four new zones which better define the differential growth of the gland. This has implications for benign and malignant glands, response to drugs and need for surgery. Retrospective data was collected from 409 men undergoing TRUS and biopsy in a district general hospital. Whole gland and zonal volumes were recorded along with IPSS scores. Rates of growth for conventional and prostatocrit volumes were compared using univariate analysis. The relative amount of PSA secretion per zone was estimated using the model. The PSA densities and ratio of zone to whole gland were plotted. Univariate analysis to measure slopes of rate of growths of zones and relation to PSA. Multivariate analysis was used to find significant predictors of PSA secretion. IPSS scores of whole gland and zones. ts and limitations: Age (P<0.0001) and the transition zone stromal volume (P=0.0001) were the only significant factors for PSA secretion. None of the conventional volumes were included in the model. Limitations include TRUS estimations are probably inferior to MRI. Some negative biopsies will prove to have missed cancer. This new prostatocrit model is consistent with known gross and microscopic anatomical differences in the gland. It potentially reveals a more logical, intuitive and easily measured account of the zonal and sub-zonal growth patterns.

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A New Promising Method of Hepatitis Treatment at the Level of Ultrastructure of the Liver by Standardized Powder form of Magnetite Nanoparticles (Micromage-B)-Journal of Pharmacology & Clinical Research-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Journal of Pharmacology & Clinical Research

A New Promising Method of Hepatitis Treatment at the Level of Ultrastructure of the Liver by Standardized Powder form of Magnetite Nanoparticles (Micromage-B)

Authored by Andrey N Belousov*

In order to determine ultra structural reconstructions in hepatic cells under effect of magnetite nanoparticles, an experiment was conducted on 37 rabbits. Micromage-B at a dose of 25 mg was dissolved in 10 ml of drinking water. Micromage-B is standardized powder form of magnetite nanoparticles. Every day the rabbit had a drink of 0.25% colloidal solution of magnetite nanoparticles for 7 days. The study ultra structural changes of hepatocytes were performed on the 8th day. Analysis of the state of submicroscopic architectonics of hepatic cells in rabbits after using Micromage-B reveals a significant activation of metabolic intracellular processes in these organs. Ultra structural organization of the liver testifies about intensification of synthetic intracellular processes, it being structurally manifested by enlargement of cisterns in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, an increased number of ribosomes, a moderate hypertrophy of the laminar cytoplasmic Goldi’s complex. For the first time in the study was the evidence of the possibility of using powder form of magnetite nanoparticles Micromage-B as an effective means of non-specific activation of metabolic processes in the liver at the ultrastructural level.

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Opioid Addiction Following Surgery-Global Journal of Addiction & Rehabilitation Medicine-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Global Journal of Addiction & Rehabilitation Medicine

Opioid Addiction Following Surgery

Authored by Jacques E Chelly*

In recent decades but in especially in the last few years, the opioid epidemic sweeping across the nation has grown exponentially in scope and severity. It is estimated that over two million people are addicted to opioids in the United States. Between the years of 1999 and 2015, opioid addiction killed an estimated 183,000 people. In 2015, opioid overdose killed 15,000 and in 2016 it is estimated that more than 63,000 people died from overdose. As a comparison, deaths related to breast cancer are estimated to reach 45,000 per year. Unfortunately, the present estimate is that death from opioid overdose will continue to escalate to over 500,000 in the next few years. According to a report from the CDC, the population at risk is between 25-54 years and seems to affect more women than men. It increased by 5 fold in women compared to 3.6 in men between 1999-2010. The predominance of opioid addiction in teenagers and it relationship with suicide remain grossly unknown. A recent report indicated that death by opioid overdose has become one of the leading causes of the decrease in life expectancy in the United States, a phenomenon similar to what happened during the AIDs epidemic in the 1980s.

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Research about NG-PDT Influence to Thymus-Dependent Lymphocyte Subpopulation from Peripheral Blood of Bronchogenic Carcinoma-Cancer Therapy & Oncology International Journal-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Cancer Therapy & Oncology International Journal

Research about NG-PDT Influence to Thymus-Dependent Lymphocyte Subpopulation from Peripheral Blood of Bronchogenic Carcinoma

Authored by Linlin Xu*

To research about PDT influence to thymus-dependent lymphocyte subpopulation from peripheral blood of bronchogenic carcinoma. Taking forty patients as study objects who suffering the bronchogenic carcinoma, the researchers use semi-conductive laser therapy apparatus (made in China) to irradiate the diseased region, and then observe the changed information of thymus-dependent lymphocyte subpopulation from peripheral blood during pre-therapy and post-treatment by immunohistochemical techniques of streptavidin-peroxidase (abbreviation: S-P method). The level of some medical data in pre-therapy is higher than the data in post-therapy (like CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, CD45RA+, the absolute value of CD45RA+, the absolute value of CD45RA+ and CD45RA+/RO+); And the level of CD45RO+ (P< 0.05) is lower than the data in pre-therapy. Photodynamic therapy provides the technical support with clinic treatment for bronchogenic carcinoma through immune adjustment to enhance the immunologic function.

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Rheumatoid Arthritis – Prevention and Treatment with a Plant-Based Diet-Orthopedics and Rheumatology Open Access Journal-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Orthopedics and Rheumatology Open Access Journal

Rheumatoid Arthritis – Prevention and Treatment with a Plant-Based Diet

Authored by Stewart Rose*

Rheumatoid arthritis has no cure, so long term treatment is indicated. An individual’s dietary choices greatly influence the progression of chronic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. This review shows that the plant-based diet has good scientific evidence of safety and efficacy for both prevention and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Studies have shown significant improvements in specific symptoms, such as number of tender joints, Ritchie’s articular index, number of swollen joints, pain score, duration of morning stiffness, grip strength, and improved laboratory values such as sed rate (ESR), C-reactive protein, and rheumatic factor. Patients placed on a plant-based diet also have a beneficial shift in intestinal microbiota, which correlates with clinical improvement. With respect to prevention, those following a plant-based diet experience a reduction in risk of rheumatoid arthritis by about 50%.

RA patients should be advised that a plant-based diet that includes appropriate amounts of carbohydrate, especially dietary fiber, is important for maintaining the symbiosis of intestinal flora, which could be beneficial for preventing autoimmunity. As disease severity worsens, individuals with RA may experience functional decline that can impact dietary intake. New healthy plant-based convenience foods are a good choice for such patients. Treatment with a plant-based diet is affordable for the patient, has no adverse reactions and no contraindications, and it can be combined with any of the standard treatments. For mild cases it may suffice as a monotherapy. For moderate and severe cases, it may serve as an adjunct, allowing dosage reductions thus lessening the costs and side effects.

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Soft Clay Treatment Using Geo-Foam Beads and Bypass Cement Dust-Civil Engineering Research Journal-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Civil Engineering Research Journal

Soft Clay Treatment Using Geo-Foam Beads and Bypass Cement Dust

Authored by Mahmoud Samir El-kady*

Soft clays are usually classified according to their undrained shear strength, Cu. Values of Cu less than 12.5kPa are associated with very soft clays, whereas, soft clays possess undrained shear strength ranging between 12.5kPa and 25kPa. In addition to the low shear strength of soft clays, they experience high compressibility upon loading. This is why soft clays are considered as problematic for foundation purposes. Also, Geo-foam is an industrial material, characterized by a very low unit weight (average of 20kg/m3) compared to that of the soil. Having a density ranging from 1.0% to 2.5% of that of soil EPS possesses a compressive strength ranging between 70kPa and 140kPa and an elastic modulus ranging between 5MPa and 12MPa, According to Horvath (1997). EPS Geo-foam blocks are used in a wide range of geotechnical applications as a light weight fill.

So, the main objective of this study is to investigate the geotechnical properties of soft clay with Geo-foam beads and bypass cement dust. Also, investigate the possibility of preparing low strength excavatable fill mixtures. For studying the effect of (Geo-foam beads + CBPD) / soft clay on fluid-state and hardened properties of new fill, experimental work was carried out on two groups of mixture (A&B). Different ratios of (Geo-foam beads + CBPD) were added to the mixture to study its effect on flow consistency, dry unit weight, unconfined compressive strength, and shear strength. The results of test conducted on the materials illustrated that, cement bypass dust and excess foundry sand can be successfully used to procedure self-compaction, self-leveling excavatable flowable fill material. The unconfined compressive strength of the studied mixtures without Geo-foam ranged between 271.8kPa and 1405.14kPa at CBPD between 3.88% and 18.63%. The Cohesion values for group with Geo-foam with ranged between 50kPa and 20kPa at Geo-foam between 0.32% and 1.35%. The friction angle of group with Geo-foam with ranged between 10 and 22kPa at CBPD between 0.32% and 1.35%.

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Encephalitis in Course of Mononucleosis- A Case Report-Academic Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatology-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Academic Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatology

Encephalitis in Course of Mononucleosis- A Case Report

Authored by Józefczuk Jan*

Mononucleosis is an acute, contagious viral disease characterized by hyperthermia, enlarged tonsils and surrounding lymphoid tissue and hepatosplenomegaly. We present a case of 17-year-old boy with a typical mononucleosis and a rare complication in the form of oligosymptomatic encephalitis. Rapid and accurate diagnosis, and immediate treatment including acyclovir and other drugs, resulted in full recovery. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a virus belonging to the herpes genus (along with other, including herpes simplex and cytomegalowirus). It is one of the most common viruses in the human organism. In majority of people infection with the virus is asymptomatic. The virus is named after Michael Epstein and Yvonne Barr, who discovered it in 1964. Epstein-Barr virus is able to cause infectious mononucleosis. The disease develops if the first contact with the virus takes place during the puberty period or later. Epstein-Baar virus infection causing infectious mononucleosis rarely leads to encephalitis. Encephalitis is an inflammatory condition of cerebral tissues resulting from a direct infection of the brain and/or as a result of immunological reactions leading to dysfunction of the central nervous system.

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