Floristic Composition in Secondary Forests Located in a Tropical River Island - Brazil-Annals of Reviews & Research-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Annals of Reviews & Research

Floristic Composition in Secondary Forests Located in a Tropical River Island - Brazil

Authored by Zviejkovski IP*

Fluvial islands are very changeable areas once they have vertical accretion by sediment from the flood as the same time as suffer erosion by channel flow. This factor acts directly over the characteristics of their vegetal cover in terms of composition and successional stages. In an island of the Upper Paraná River a floristic composition survey was performed in order to evaluate the plant succession stage of three forest fragments. The study areas were: Forest 1, an abandoned pasture under successional process over the last 10 years; Forest 2, a 55-year-old primary forest settled over a sand bar; and Forest 3, a fragment of a remaining forest. Floristic composition analysis showed that island soil has disturbed by trampling cattle reflecting on the species settlement throughout the successional process.

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Efficacy of Phytotherapy in Oral Mucosites Induced by Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Phytotherapy in OM really work?-Global Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Global Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences

Efficacy of Phytotherapy in Oral Mucosites Induced by Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy Phytotherapy in OM really work?

Authored by Braz José do Nascimento Júnior*

Oral mucositis (OM) is a complication of cancer therapy. Because of the associated complications, patients with OM go through decreasing doses or until the suspension of chemotherapy treatment or radiotherapy of head and neck until the improvement of the clinical picture, with that, exposing them the progression of the tumor. Current treatments produce limited results and rely on oral cryotherapy using ice, low-power laser exposure and systemic administration of keratinocyte growth factor (Palifermin).The use of medicinal plants and herbal medicine in the treatment of OM is still little used, but with a tendency to expand and accept the pharmaceutical market. We can conclude that phytotherapy is an expanding market and that, although efficient, needs more research and better acceptance of oncologists and other health professionals. Also some mechanisms of action are still not well understood, therefore, studies are needed that evaluate the long-term effects, in addition to standardized clinical protocols that prove efficacy. An efficient natural product in the treatment of OM should have an anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, antioxidant and healing effect on oral mucosa. In this sense, the search for multi-herbs products can be promising, since the plants together can have superior synergistic effects to the isolated species. However, there are few products in the current market with this profile.

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Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome; A Growing Concern for New Mexico-Annals of Social Sciences & Management studies-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Annals of Social Sciences & Management studies

Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome; A Growing Concern for New Mexico

Authored by Victoria F Dirmyer*

In 2012, New Mexico became the 12th state to allow the use of cannabis for medical use. Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of heavy nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Early identification of patients with CHS will assist in decreasing orders for invasive and expensive medical procedures. A retrospective analysis was performed using emergency department (ED) data from 2010-2015 in New Mexico. CHS was defined as an ED visit with a combination of persistent vomiting and cannabis related diagnosis codes. Trends over the six years were analyzed by patient characteristics; sex, age, and geographic location, as well as overall counts of visits for this health condition. A weighted national estimate using the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) was used as a comparison to New Mexico state data. The overall number of ED visits increased by 24.2% from 2010 to 2015. The annual number of ED visits for CHS increased by 585.7% in New Mexico. In the U.S., a similar increase in CHS was observed at 423.3%. In New Mexico, CHS visits were more likely to be male, between the age of 18-29 years, and reside in the northeast region of the state. This analysis demonstrated that ED visits for CHS are increasing and as more states adopt recreational marijuana use legislation, larger increases will be observed.

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Dendritic Cells and Regulatory T Cells Changes During ECP for Chronic GvHD in Pediatric Patients-Open Access Blood Research & Transfusion Journal-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Open Access Blood Research & Transfusion Journal

Dendritic Cells and Regulatory T Cells Changes During ECP for Chronic GvHD in Pediatric Patients

Authored by Berger Massimo*

Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a leading cause of post HSCT morbidity and mortality. It is mediated by alloreactive mature donor T lymphocytes, resulting in a harmful inflammatory response and tissue injury . The pathophysiology of GvHD is constituted by precise sequences of immunological events such as the activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activation, differentiation and migration of T cells, and finally the development of their full effector functions. Dendritic cells (DCs) constitute the most professional APCs, promoting alloreactivity or clonal antigen-specific T cell responses. Moreover, tolerogenic DCs may play a pivotal role in GvHD exerting an immunomodulatory or even immunosuppressive effect on T cells. DCs can be divided into two major subsets, plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and myeloid DCs (mDCs) which have distinct functions. pDCs play a pivotal role in peripheral tolerance through the generation of regulatory T (Treg). In addition to pDCs, mDCs also promote Th2 and Th0/Tr1 responses, depending on the activation signal types.

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PCT: Interventional Management of Cholecystitis-Current Trends in Clinical & Medical Imaging-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Current Trends in Clinical & Medical Imaging

PCT: Interventional Management of Cholecystitis

Authored by Ryan Cobb*

Percutaneous cholecystostomy tube (PCT) placement has traditionally served as a temporizing measure to bridge a comorbid patient presenting with acute cholecystitis and/or acute cholangitis to the current mainstay definitive treatment of cholecystectomy. While criteria outlined by the 2013revision of the 2007 Tokyo Guidelines have subsequently resulted in a rise of PCT placements, but a definitive treatment plan is lacking in cases where surgery is forgone due to excessive perioperative risk. In our single institutional retrospective analysis of acute cholecystitis patients, a majority underwent PCT, not cholecystectomy for definitive management. Within this subset of patients a majority was lost to follow up and some patients required permanent tube placement. Our findings demonstrate a deficiency in the treatment plan for cholecystitis, one that we feel interventionalists are uniquely suited to fill.

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Role of MiRNAs in Oral Cancer-Journal of Head Neck & Spine Surgery-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Journal of Head Neck & Spine Surgery

Role of MiRNAs in Oral Cancer

Authored by Bin Guo*

Oral cancer, one of the most common cancers worldwide, exhibits high mortality and morbidity rates. The incidence rate of oral cancer is high in developing countries, especially in Asian countries. MiRNAs are non-coding RNAs with significant regulatory functions, such as mRNA degradation or translation inhibition. Understanding of the tumorigenesis of oral cancer has significantly progressed at multiple levels. MiRNAs play an important role in oral tumors and have been associated with specific oral cancer phenotypes, such as tumorigenesis, progression, recurrence, or postoperative survival. MiRNAs exist stably in common body fluids and are thus ideal biomarkers for oral cancer. The miRNA profiles hallmark a potential diagnostic value for detection of oral cancer and potentially malignant disorders. In this review, we will summarize our current knowledge regarding the most active miRNAs involved in oral cancer, focusing our discussion on their role in tumor diagnosis, development, and progression.

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Modern Molecules to Keep Ancient Traditions: Ethical and Social Perspectives-Modern Applications of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Modern Applications of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability

Modern Molecules to Keep Ancient Traditions: Ethical and Social Perspectives

Authored by Ariel D Arencibia Rodríguez*

Bioeconomics and the development of modern nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetology industries is increasingly based on the search for active principles used ancestrally by different human cultures worldwide. In this context, the studies of identification and characterization of the so-called 'new molecules' are mainly carried out on organisms originating from both conserved and wild biodiversity, as well as from a wide spectrum of biological resources that the peasant populations have been able to maintain throughout centuries. Considering the lessons learnt in this field, the development of novel molecules related to useful functions should be focused on and stem from the experiences gained from previous approaches. Moreover, each new challenge must be subjected to ethical scrutiny where the human being plays the main role in the exploitation of biodiversity and the environment, which, as it is increasingly evident, threatens and jeopardizes the sustainable development of societies. We conclude the necessity to establish a global unified ethical perspective towards the use of biodiversity developed by ancient human traditions.

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Functional Selective D2 Ligands for the Treatment of Schizophrenia-Novel Approaches in Drug Designing & Development-JuniperPublishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Novel Approaches in Drug Designing & Development

Functional Selective D2 Ligands for the Treatment of Schizophrenia

Authored by Xin Chen*

Functionally selective ligands (also known as biased ligands) of dopamine D2 receptors have been considered as not only valuable tools for dissecting the roles of D2-mediated G protein-dependent and independent signaling pathways, but also better antipsychotic drug candidates for neurological and psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Consequently, functionally selective D2R ligands have also been increasingly pursued by the biomedical community as promising antipsychotic therapeutics with improved efficacy and reduced side effects compared with unbiased ligands. This review will discuss the recent development in the discovery of functional selective D2R ligands. Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand reality. Clinically, the disorder manifests with a large variety of symptoms that fall into three categories: positive, negative, and cognitive. Schizophrenia affects about 1.1% of world wide population. Although schizophrenia is not as common as other mental disorders such as anxiety disorder (18.1%), depression (6.9%), and bipolar disorder (2.6%), the symptoms can be very disabling. Therefore, it is often associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. The average life expectancy of people with schizophrenia is ten to twenty-five years less than for the general population. This is the result of increased physical health problems and a higher suicide rate (about 10%)

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A Green and Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZnO Nanorods for Photocatalytic Application-Juniper Online Journal Material Science-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Juniper Online Journal Material Science

A Green and Facile Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZnO Nanorods for Photocatalytic Application

Authored by Sze-Mun Lam*

ZnO nanorods were prepared via a green and facile hydrothermal approach using ZnO powder and 30 vol% H₂O₂ aqueous solution. X-ray diffraction results revealed that the synthesized ZnO product was highly crystalline having hexagonal wurtzite structure. The band gap energy of ZnO nanorods was determined to be 3.28 eV using optical reflectance spectrum. The rod-like morphological features of ZnO nanostructures were observed from microscopy analyses. A possible formation mechanism was also proposed. The synthesized ZnO product showed an enhanced UV photocatalytic performance compared to that of commercial TiO₂ for the resorcinol degradation. There was an optimal photocatalyst amount of 1.0 g/L, at which the degradation efficiency of resorcinol was completely degraded under exposure of UV light for 120 min. The active hydroxyl (o OH) radicals formed during the photocatalytic process were tested using a photoluminescence-terephthalic acid (PL-TA) measurement, which were validate to be significantly affected by the photocatalyst amount. Other organic pollutants including phenol, bisphenol A and methylparaben could also be photodegraded in the presence of similar conditions. These features demonstrated the ZnO nanorods practical applications in environmental remediation.

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Vacuum Picking of Nonwoven Material-Current Trends in Fashion Technology & Textile Engineering-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Current Trends in Fashion Technology & Textile Engineering

Vacuum Picking of Nonwoven Material

Authored by Cubric G*

The complete automation of the garment manufacturing process is still present at certain times due to the nature of textile materials. Textile materials are flat, and this lack of stiffness affects the transfer of textile materials from one workstation to another in automated processes. With regard to the construction and the principle of operation, the grips are limited to certain types of materials and several processes they can perform. In the capture processes, the optimum handle has to be handled with different sizes and shapes of fabric, different properties and with one or more layers of material. Therefore, many researches are focused on designing handlebars for handling textile materials as well as the ability to capture them.

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Versatility of Nanoparticles in the Modern Medicine-Global Journal of Nanomedicine-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Global Journal of Nanomedicine

Versatility of Nanoparticles in the Modern Medicine

Authored by Joseph Francis PJ*

Nanotechnology has wide applications in medicine in the form of diagnostic imaging, treatment and prevention. Developments of nanorobots which are capable of tissue repair at cellular level are materialising. All these are achieved by the enhancement of gaseous and nutrient transport, promotion of tissue regeneration in which minimum cellular inflammation and less toxicity. Nanotechnology can uplift the medical imaging and biomarker detection by methods like extracellular deposition and cell adhesion. Biosensors, tissue engineering, targeted drug delivery and nanorobotics make the nanomedicine cutting edge. Nanoparticles enable the transport of drugs particularly to the infected sites very accurately and precisely. Biomarkers or tumor markers detection has become faster and more sensitive using nanotechnology enabling the doctors for an early diagnosis compare to tissue biopsies. This paper explores the potential and versatile applications of nanoparticles in the field of medicine.

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The Influence of Sarcopenia on Walking in Frail Elderly People-Open Access Journal of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Open Access Journal of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine

The Influence of Sarcopenia on Walking in Frail Elderly People

Authored by Kota Kato*

The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of sarcopenia on walking in frail elderly people. The subjects were 28 elderly people aged 65 years or over who could walk independently, attend community day-care centers. Assessment and measurement items were: history of falls during the past year, the presence or absence of sarcopenia, characteristics of walking, lower limb muscle strength, cognitive function, ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL), and general information. The subjects were divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of sarcopenia, and a comparison was made between the two groups. Five people (severe sarcopenia group) fulfilled all evaluation items of sarcopenia and seven people (control group) did not fulfill any evaluation items. The remaining 16 fulfilled some items but they were not included in this comparative study. The ankle joint maximum plantar flexion moment and walking velocity of the severe sarcopenia group showed significantly lower values than the control group. This study suggested that reduced lower limb muscle strength is not the only cause of the decrease in walking velocity in frail elderly people with sarcopenia.

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Intrauterine Insemination with Fresh Versus Cryopreserved Spermatazoa in Unexplained Infertility-Global Journal of Reproductive Medicine-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Global Journal of Reproductive Medicine

Intrauterine Insemination with Fresh Versus Cryopreserved Spermatazoa in Unexplained Infertility

Authored by Sheena Rippentrop*

The purpose of this study was to compare pregnancy rates and live birth rates in women with unexplained infertility undergoing ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination (IUI) using fresh versus cryopreserved semen at two institutions. Retrospective cohort study conducted at two tertiary care centers via chart review of all women with unexplained infertility who underwent IUI. Other etiologies of infertility were excluded. Pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates were calculated in both groups. Odds ratios and 95 % confidence interval were calculated. A P-value was considered significant when less than 0.05. A total of 566 IUI cycles were analyzed; 513cycles (90.64%) used fresh semen while 59 cycles (10.42%) used cryopreserved. Clinical pregnancy rates were 29.24% in IUI-fresh and 11.32% in IUI-cryopreserved (OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.36-7.73, p-value 0.0055). The live birth rate per cycle for IUI-fresh was 19.88% versus 3.77% in IUI-cryopreserved (OR 6.33, 95% CI 1.52-26.43, p-value 0.0044). Significantly higher pregnancy rates and live birth rates were observed when using fresh semen compared to cryopreserved semen in women with unexplained infertility undergoing ovulation induction and intrauterine inseminations.

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Prostate Volume, Size Does Matter. Growth Dynamics of the Acini and the Stroma using a “Prostatocrit” Model-JOJ Urology & Nephrology-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-JOJ Urology & Nephrology

Prostate Volume, Size Does Matter. Growth Dynamics of the Acini and the Stroma using a “Prostatocrit” Model

Authored by Simon Robinson*

Analysis of prostatic growth has focused on the whole gland volume. However there are distinct zones which grow at different rates which can be further divided into acini and stroma. Measuring the principal sub-zones of the gland and taking into account their intrinsic asymmetry of glandular acina density, one can develop the prostatocrit model, similar to the haematocrit. This generates four new zones which better define the differential growth of the gland. This has implications for benign and malignant glands, response to drugs and need for surgery. Retrospective data was collected from 409 men undergoing TRUS and biopsy in a district general hospital. Whole gland and zonal volumes were recorded along with IPSS scores. Rates of growth for conventional and prostatocrit volumes were compared using univariate analysis. The relative amount of PSA secretion per zone was estimated using the model. The PSA densities and ratio of zone to whole gland were plotted. Univariate analysis to measure slopes of rate of growths of zones and relation to PSA. Multivariate analysis was used to find significant predictors of PSA secretion. IPSS scores of whole gland and zones. ts and limitations: Age (P<0.0001) and the transition zone stromal volume (P=0.0001) were the only significant factors for PSA secretion. None of the conventional volumes were included in the model. Limitations include TRUS estimations are probably inferior to MRI. Some negative biopsies will prove to have missed cancer. This new prostatocrit model is consistent with known gross and microscopic anatomical differences in the gland. It potentially reveals a more logical, intuitive and easily measured account of the zonal and sub-zonal growth patterns.

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A New Promising Method of Hepatitis Treatment at the Level of Ultrastructure of the Liver by Standardized Powder form of Magnetite Nanoparticles (Micromage-B)-Journal of Pharmacology & Clinical Research-Juniper Publishers

JUNIPER PUBLISHERS-Journal of Pharmacology & Clinical Research

A New Promising Method of Hepatitis Treatment at the Level of Ultrastructure of the Liver by Standardized Powder form of Magnetite Nanoparticles (Micromage-B)

Authored by Andrey N Belousov*

In order to determine ultra structural reconstructions in hepatic cells under effect of magnetite nanoparticles, an experiment was conducted on 37 rabbits. Micromage-B at a dose of 25 mg was dissolved in 10 ml of drinking water. Micromage-B is standardized powder form of magnetite nanoparticles. Every day the rabbit had a drink of 0.25% colloidal solution of magnetite nanoparticles for 7 days. The study ultra structural changes of hepatocytes were performed on the 8th day. Analysis of the state of submicroscopic architectonics of hepatic cells in rabbits after using Micromage-B reveals a significant activation of metabolic intracellular processes in these organs. Ultra structural organization of the liver testifies about intensification of synthetic intracellular processes, it being structurally manifested by enlargement of cisterns in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, an increased number of ribosomes, a moderate hypertrophy of the laminar cytoplasmic Goldi’s complex. For the first time in the study was the evidence of the possibility of using powder form of magnetite nanoparticles Micromage-B as an effective means of non-specific activation of metabolic processes in the liver at the ultrastructural level.

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